Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina, or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Sarajevo. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the 20 kilometres of coastline on the Adriatic Sea surrounding the town of Neum. In the central and southern interior of the country the geography is mountainous, in the northwest it is moderately hilly, and the northeast is predominantly flatland.... The inland is a geographically larger region and has a moderate continental climate, bookended by hot summers and cold and snowy winters. The southern tip of the country has a Mediterranean climate and plain topography. The country that is now Bosnia and Herzegovina is a region that traces permanent human settlement back to the Neolithic age.
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| Founded: | August 29, 1189 |
| Capital: | Sarajevo |
| Population: | 4,121,595 |
| Official language: | Bosnian language, Serbian language, Croatian language |
| Currency: | Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark |
| GDP: | $16,577,887,610 |
| Form of government: | Federal republic, Federation, Republic |