Caldwell is a city in and the county seat of Canyon County, Idaho, United States. The population was 46,237 at the 2010 census. Caldwell is considered part of the Boise metropolitan area. Caldwell is the home of the College of Idaho. In the 1870s and 1880s, Caldwell was home to hundreds of Chinese immigrants, but the town was central in Idaho's aggressive anti-Chinese backlash that culminated in an 1886 convention of the Anti-Chinese League in Boise. By 1890 every last immigrant had been driven from town by social pressures and outright violence. In March 1908, at the end of a series of... trials relating to a Coeur d'Alene miners' uprising and the Colorado Labor Wars, Albert Horsley, better known by his pseudonym Harry Orchard, pleaded guilty in District Court in Caldwell to the assassination of former Idaho governor Frank Steunenberg. Judge Fremont Wood sentenced Orchard to hang, but his sentence was commuted, and he lived out the rest of his life in an Idaho prison.
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| County: | Canyon County |
| State: | Idaho |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Population: | 43,281 |
| Area: | 11.4 sq. mi. |
| Time zone: | Mountain Time Zone |
| Also known as: | Caldwell, Idaho, Canyon County / Caldwell city |