Delhi Sultanate

The Tughlaq dynasty was a Turkic dynasty of Delhi sultanate, whose reign started in 1321 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the... title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. The Tughluqs were a Muslim family of Turkic origin. The empire grew under his son and successor Muhammad bin Tughluq, but the latter became notorious for ill-advised policy experiments such as shifting the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad and introducing copper coins without effective regulation against forgery. Tughluqi has as a result become synonym for brilliant if stubborn eccentricity in the Urdu language. After Muhammad bin Tughluq died, a collateral relative, Mahmud Ibn Muhammad, ruled for less than a month, until a cousin Feroz Shah Tughlaq killed him and assumed the throne. His rule was somewhat weak militarily, mainly because of inept army. After Feroz died in 1388, the Tughlaq dynasty's power continued to fade, and no more able leaders came to the throne; the dynasty was essentially over within 10 years. The lowest point for the dynasty however came in 1398, when Turco-Mongol invader, Timur defeated four armies of the Sultanate on December 15, 1398.
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Sayyid Dynasty ruled Kashmir from 1339 to 1561 CE for nearly 222 years. During the rule of this dynasty Islam was firmly established in Kashmir. Shah... Mir, under the title of Sultan Shamas-ud-Din founded Sultan dynasty in 1339. syeds are deeply concern with Mir Syed Ali Sani Hamadani. a great saint who came from Hamadan to give the light of faith of Islam. it was the time when whole Kashmir was under religion of Hinduism .He was the saint who turned the Kashmir into Muslim State .so the name was turned for state on two cheracteristic names of kashyap and mir .kashyap rishishi was also a great saint of Kashmir. these two names are on behind of the word Kashmir. syeds are told those who are decendents of Prophet Muhammad .Mir Ali Sani Hamadan came to Kashmir in 7 century of Hijri Islamic calendar .Mir Syed Ali Sani Hamadani came with 1200 persons of different community. some were craftsman and some were his followers .those persons of different community lived in Kashmir. His son Mir Ahmad Mir is buried at city of Srinagar Kashmir.
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