The Falkland Islands are an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, located more than 250 nautical miles east of the coast of mainland South America. The archipelago comprises East Falkland, West Falkland, and 776 lesser islands. Stanley, the capital and only city, is on East Falkland. The islands are a self-governing British Overseas Territory, with the United Kingdom responsible for their defence and foreign affairs. Controversy exists over the Falklands' original discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. At various times there have been French, British, Spanish, and Argentine... settlements. Britain re-established its rule in 1833, yet the islands continue to be claimed by Argentina. In 1982, following Argentina's invasion of the islands, the two-month-long undeclared Falklands War between both countries resulted in the withdrawal of all Argentine forces. Despite its defeat, Argentina still pursues its claim; however, UK policy supports the islanders' self-determination to remain British citizens.
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| Founded: | June 14, 1982 |
| Capital: | Stanley |
| Population: | 3,105 |
| Official language: | English Language |
| Currency: | Falkland Islands pound |
| Area: | 4,700 sq. mi. |
| Form of government: | Constitutional monarchy, Parliamentary system, Representative democracy |
| Also known as: | Islas Malvinas |