Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky ; November 11, 1821 – February 9, 1881 was a Russian writer of novels, short stories and essays. He is best known for his novels Crime and Punishment, The Idiot and The Brothers Karamazov. His name has been variously transcribed in English, his first name sometimes being rendered as Theodore. This is because, before the post-revolutionary orthographic reform which, amongst other things, replaced the Cyrillic letter Ѳ with the Cyrillic letter Ф , Dostoyevsky's name was written Ѳеодоръ ... Михайловичъ Достоевскій. Dostoyevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social and spiritual context of 19th-century Russian society. With the embittered voice of the anonymous "underground man", Dostoyevsky wrote Notes from Underground , which has been called the "best overture for existentialism ever written" by Walter Kaufmann. He is often acknowledged by critics as one of the greatest and most prominent psychologists in world literature.
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| Birthdate: | November 11, 1821 |
| Birthplace: | Moscow |
| Date of death: | February 9, 1881 |
| Religion: | Eastern Orthodox Church, Christianity |
| Also known as: | Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky, Fedor Dostoievski, F. M Dostoyevsky |