James K. Polk

The Battle of Kápolna was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on 26 and 27 February 1849. The battle ended with Austrian... victory and influenced the politics of central Europe: Franz Joseph I announced the Constitution of Omnütz on 4 March 1849. László Teleki sent Henryk Dembiński, the Supreme Commander of the Polish November uprising, from Paris to the Kingdom of Hungary. Lajos Kossuth knew Dembiński well after his Lithuanian retreat. Dembiński's appointment was misguided, because he was introverted, short-tempered, and distrustful. The Hungarian commanding officers did not like it. Dembiński had an argument with Mór Perczel, stood down György Klapka, and later had an argument with Artúr Görgey. Dembiński’s plans were to fight the final battle at Mezőkövesd and Eger, but before this to attack the Austrian army at Szolnok. He was so obsessive about his plans that he even refused to attack Franz Schlik, even though Shlik was completely isolated. Dembiński's explanation was that if he did, Winfisch-Grätz still wanted control in Buda, which meant that the battle plans for Mezőkövesd and Eger were null and void.
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The Battle of Gujrat was a decisive battle in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought on 21 February 1849, between the forces of the British East India... Company, and a Sikh army in rebellion against the Company's control of the Sikh Kingdom, represented by the child Maharaja Duleep Singh who was in British custody in Lahore. The Sikh army was defeated by the British regular and Bengal Army forces of the British East India Company. After it capitulated a few days later, the Punjab was annexed to the East India Company's territories and Duleep Singh was deposed. After the British victory in the First Anglo-Sikh War, the Punjab was indirectly governed by a British representative at the Durbar in Lahore and Agents in several of the regions. The Sikh Army, the Khalsa, was kept in being and used to keep order in the Punjab and North West Frontier Region. The Khalsa regarded itself as betrayed rather than defeated in the first war, and several of its Sardars plotted rebellion.
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The Battle of Chillianwala was fought during the Second Anglo-Sikh War in the Chillianwala region of Punjab, now part of modern-day Pakistan. The... battle was one of the bloodiest fought by the British East India Company. Both armies held their positions at the end of the battle and both sides claimed victory. The battle was a strategic check to immediate British ambitions in India and a shock to British military prestige. The Second Anglo-Sikh war broke out in Punjab, which had recently been lost much of its independence to the British East India Company following the First Anglo-Sikh War, in April 1848 when the city of Multan rebelled under Dewan Mulraj. The East India Company's Commissioner for the Punjab, Frederick Currie, sent several forces of locally raised troops to help quell the revolt. One of these forces consisted largely of Sikhs, formerly from the Khalsa, the army of the Sikh Empire, under Sher Singh Attariwalla. Some junior British Political Officers viewed this development with alarm as Sher Singh's father, Chattar Singh Attariwalla, was known to be plotting sedition in Hazara, north of the Punjab. On 14 September, Sher Singh's army also rebelled.
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The Battle of Mór was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on 30 December 1848 between Austria and Hungarian insurgents. The... Austrians were led by Croatian Ban Josip Jelačić, while the Hungarians were led by Mór Perczel. The Austrians were victorious and Buda lost it is independence. In the summer of 1848 two separated armies were defending the Western Hungarian borders. Major General Artúr Görgey with his army between Channel Nádas and Lake Fertő was against Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz. Major General Mór Perczel led approximately 10,000 soldiers and tried to defend Međimurje against Laval Nugent who was stationed at Styria. Hoping the Austrians would not attack, the Hungarian military leadership started to establish new troops and organise their forces. But, on 14 December, Windisch-Grätz started his attack and this meant a new period of the Revolution. This is called the "Winter Campaign". The larger Austrian army managed to break through the Hungarian defence. The Hungarian army started to retreat towards Győr and Buda. Lajos Kossuth tried to convince Görgey to continue the fight, and he sent more legions from other theatres of battle to help.
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