Philippine Revolution

The Siege of Baler, from July 1, 1898 to June 2, 1899, was a battle of the Philippine Revolution and concurrently the Spanish-American War and the... Philippine-American War. Filipino revolutionaries laid siege to a fortified church manned by colonial Spanish troops in the town of Baler, Philippines for 11 months. The battle is considered part of the Spanish-American War since the Filipinos were allied with the United States at the outset. That war ended in December 1898 with Spain's surrender and annexation of the Philippines to the United States. However, cut off from communications with their own government and military, the Spanish forces continued their defense against the Filipino forces until 1899. Baler, Aurora located on the eastern coast of Luzon, is some 225 kilometers distant from the Philippine capital city of Manila. In 1898 it was reachable only by ship or by traversing on foot through nearly impassable jungle trails that were often washed out by torrential tropical rains. The Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule, which had started in 1896, formally resumed in 1898 after a truce in 1897.
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The Cry of Pugad Lawin , alternately and originally referred to as the Cry of Balintawak was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against... Spanish rule. At the close of August 1896, members of the Katipunan secret society led by Andrés Bonifacio rose up in revolt somewhere in an area referred to as Kalookan, wider than the jurisdiction of present-day Caloocan City and overlapping into present-day Quezon City. Originally the term "Cry" referred to the first skirmish between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards . Other definitions of the term have been made over the years, but today it is popularly understood to refer to the tearing of community tax certificates by the rebels to mark their separation from Spain. This was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts. Because of differing accounts and the ambiguity of place names in these accounts, the exact date and place of the Cry is disputed. From 1908 until 1963, the official stance was that the Cry occurred on August 26 in Balintawak.
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The Battle of San Juan del Monte, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Pinaglabanan or Battle of San Juan was fought on August 30, 1896, and is... considered the first real battle for Philippine independence from Spain. After the discovery of Katipunan on August 19, 1896, Andrés Bonifacio became alerted to military actions and suppression planned by the Spanish government. On August 25, Bonifacio deployed several of his men around the Pasong Tamo bridge when he heard infantrymen and Spanish guardia civil coming to raid communities around the bridge. On the evening of August 29, the first group of Katipuneros headed by Bonifacio and his aide Emilio Jacinto marched towards El Polvorin, a Spanish powder magazine situated in San Juan del Monte. The Polvorin is guarded by Spanish infantry and artillerymen. The Katipuneros were generally armed with bolo knives, few guns, bamboo spears and anting-antings. By midnight, a small and the second group of Katipuneros headed by Sancho Valenzuela arrived at Polvorin coming from Santa Mesa, Manila. This group is composed of 100 Katipunan members, two of them are women: Luisa Lucas and Segunda Fuentes Santiago.
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The Battle of Binakayan was fought on November 9-11, 1896, and is considered the first major victory of Filipino revolutionaries during Philippine... Revolution. The battle took place at the town of Cavite el Viejo and lasted for two days after Spanish retreat. Similar battle took place at the same day in the adjacent town of Noveleta. In Cavite, there were two popular councils, formally called as the Sangguniang Bayan which is mandated by the Katipunan to preside its members over its respective areas. One of this council is the Magdalo Council which was headed by Katipunero Baldomero Aguinaldo and encompasses the political municipalities of Alfonso, Bailen , Indang, Magallanes, Maragondon, Naic, Rosario, San Francisco de Malabon , San Roque , Tanza, and Ternate. The other council, Magdiwang, is headed by Mariano Álvarez and occupies the towns of Amadeo, Bacoor, Carmen, Perez Dasmariñas, Kawit, Mendez, Núñez , and Silang. Magdalo's name originated from Aguinaldo's nom-de-plume for Katipunan which rooted from Santa Magdalena, Cavite's patron saint.
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