Rock Island is the county seat of Rock Island County, Illinois, United States. The population was 39,684 at the 2010 census. Located on the Mississippi River, it is one of the Quad Cities, along with neighboring Moline, East Moline, and the Iowa cities of Davenport and Bettendorf. The Quad Cities has a population estimate of 381,342. The city is home to Rock Island Arsenal, the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing arsenal in the US, which employs 6,000 people. The original Rock Island, from which the city gets its name, is the largest island in the Mississippi River. It is now... called Arsenal Island. Prior to European contact, this area was settled for thousands of years by various indigenous peoples. By the early nineteenth century, it was occupied chiefly by the historic Sauk Native Americans. Their major village of Saukenuk was located on the south side of Rock Island, along the Rock River. After the War of 1812, the United States built Fort Armstrong on the island for defensive reasons in 1816. Saukenuk was the birthplace of the Sauk war chief Black Hawk, for whom the Black Hawk War of 1831–1832 was named.
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| County: | Rock Island County |
| State: | Illinois |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Population: | 40,884 |
| Area: | 17.1 sq. mi. |
| Time zone: | Central Time zone |
| Also known as: | Rock Island, Illinois, Rock Island County / Rock Island city |