The Scarlet Empress is a 1934 historical drama film made by Paramount Pictures about the life of Catherine the Great. It was directed and produced by Josef von Sternberg from a screenplay by Eleanor McGeary, loosely based on the diary of Catherine arranged by Manuel Komroff. Substantial historical liberties are taken. The film stars von Sternberg's lover Marlene Dietrich as Catherine, supported by John Davis Lodge, Sam Jaffe, Louise Dresser, and C. Aubrey Smith. Dietrich's daughter Maria Riva plays Catherine as a child. Sophia Frederica is the daughter of a minor German prince and an... ambitious mother. She is brought to Russia by Count Alexei at the behest of Empress Elizabeth to marry her nephew, Grand Duke Peter . The overbearing Elizabeth renames her Catherine and reinforces the demand the new bride issue an heir to the throne. Unhappy in her marriage, Catherine finds solace with the womanizing Alexei, first and foremost a paramour of the much-older Elizabeth. Rebuffed at this discovery, she takes lovers among the Russian Army to court its favor.
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| Release date: | 1934 |
| Directed by: | Josef von Sternberg |
| Runtime: | 95 Minutes |
| Producer: | Emanuel Cohen, Josef von Sternberg |
| Editor: | Josef von Sternberg, Sam Winston |
| Cinematography: | Bert Glennon |
| Screenplay by: | Manuel Komroff, Eleanor McGeary |
| Genre: | Biography |