William McKinley

Garret Augustus Hobart was the 24th Vice President of the United States , serving under President William McKinley. He was the sixth American vice president to die in office. Hobart was born in Long Branch, New Jersey, on the Jersey Shore, and grew up in nearby Marlboro. After attending Rutgers... College, Hobart read law with prominent Paterson attorney Socrates Tuttle. Hobart both studied with Tuttle, and married his daughter. Although he rarely set foot in a courtroom, Hobart became wealthy as a corporate lawyer. Hobart served in local governmental positions, and then successfully ran for office as a Republican, serving in both the New Jersey General Assembly and the New Jersey Senate. He became Speaker of the first, and president of the latter. Hobart was a longtime party official, and New Jersey delegates went to the 1896 Republican National Convention determined to nominate the popular lawyer for vice president. Hobart's political views were similar to those of McKinley, who was the presumptive Republican presidential candidate.
more

Allegheny College is a private liberal arts college located in northwestern Pennsylvania in the town of Meadville. Founded in 1815, the college has about 2,100 undergraduate students. Allegheny was founded in April 1815 by the Reverend Timothy Alden, a graduate of Harvard's School of Divinity.... Since 1833, the college has been historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church, though it is currently non-sectarian. The first class, consisting of four male students, began their studies on July 4, 1816, without any formal academic buildings. Within six years, Alden accumulated sufficient funds to begin building a campus. The first building erected, the library, was designed by Alden himself, and is a notable example of early American architecture. Bentley Hall is named in honor of Dr. William Bentley, who donated his private library to the College, a collection of considerable value and significance. In 1824, Thomas Jefferson wrote to Alden, expressing the hope that his University of Virginia could someday possess the richness of Allegheny's library. Alden served as president of the college until 1831, when financial and enrollment difficulties forced his resignation.
more

Operation Valfajr-4 was an Iranian operation of the Iran-Iraq War launched in 1983. At the end of the operation Iran had captured a small amount of... territory from the Iraqis. Units of Iraq's First Army Corps spent two months in their trenches waiting for the Iranians to attack. The offensive came on 19 October 1983 as the Iranians and guerillas of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan took 250 square miles of territory. This included a number of Kurdish villages and exerted a significant amount of pressure on Penjwin. Saddam Hussein responded with a counterattack, using the Iraqi Republican Guard and poison gas. However, they failed to dislodge the Iranians, who were dug-in and reinforced by Kurdish fighters. The attack was successful but the Iranians suffered high casualties due to Iraqi gas attacks. Unlike other operations and battles of the Iran–Iraq War, environmental conditions and operative restrictions were of high significance for this operation. Also the military medicine organization of the Pasdaran was important in this battle; they used special methods to save the wounded and carried out rescue operations.
more

In the Battle of Groenkloof on 5 September 1901, a British column under Colonel Harry Scobell defeated and captured a small Boer commando led by... Commandant Lotter in the Cape Colony during the Second Boer War. While General Lord Kitchener struggled to suppress guerilla warfare carried on by the Boers in the Orange Free State and the Transvaal, some Dutch settlers living in the Cape Colony also took up arms against the British. To combat the guerilla war raging in the two Boer republics, Kitchener employed sweep-and-scour columns, farm burning and a policy of forcing Boer women and children into concentration camps. However, using such harsh methods in the loyal Cape Colony was politically impossible. Instead, the British commander in the Cape Colony, General Sir John French resorted to a three-pronged strategy: first, to prevent Boer commandos from combining, second, to chase them constantly in order to prevent them from collecting new followers and supplies, and third, to tire them out so that they could be hunted down.
more

The Battle of Lonoy in 1901 was a bloody American surprise attack launched on Filipino insurgents that killed over 400 in the Philippine-American... War. It was fought in Lonoy on Bohol Island. Before the actual battle, the Filipinos had laid an ambush along a narrow path and carefully concealed themselves in camouflaged pits and trenches, awaiting the unsuspecting American column. These Bohol natives were even more poorly armed than the regular Philippine soldiers. Very few had actual firearms, while nearly all were armed with daggers, machetes, and spears. Unknown to them, the Americans had learned of the ambuscade from a pro-American native, Captain Francisco Acala, the last Spanish Mayor of Jagna, Bohol during the spanish regimes. who would lead the Americans to the rear of the Filipino defenses in a devastating surprise attack. The Filipinos were caught totally offguard and found themselves trapped in their own trenches where they were gunned mercilessly down. In the battle that ensued, all but seven of the Bohol natives were killed. That number totaled 406, including their commander, Captain Gregorio "Guyo" Casenas.
more

The Battle of Aguadulce was a battle that occurred during the Thousand Days War, between Liberals and Conservatives. It occurred between February 23... and August 27, 1901 and ended in an overwhelming victory on the part of the Liberal army under the command of General Benjamin Herrera over the Conservative army based in the city of Aguadulce under the command of General Francisco Castro. In January 1901 General Benjamin Herrera accompanied by Belisario Porras and Victoriano Lorenzo arrived in the city of Aguadulce and demanded the surrender of the Conservative forces defending the city. The Conservative army refused. Thus, on 23 February 1901, began a bloody battle that finished with the taking of Vigía hill and the defeat of the Conservative forces under the command of General Castro . Later, in the month of June, the Conservative government sent a much larger force to recapture the city. This operation was much more properly planned than the earlier defense of the city.
more